A transient voltage suppressor (TVS) is a protective device used in electronic circuits to safeguard against voltage spikes. These spikes can occur due to various reasons, such as lightning strikes or electrical surges. TVS devices quickly clamp the excess voltage, preventing damage to sensitive components like microcontrollers and integrated circuits. TVS devices come in different forms, including diodes and varistors, and are chosen based on the specific voltage and current ratings of the application. They are essential in ensuring the reliability and longevity of electronic systems by maintaining stable voltage levels during transient events.