Time-of-flight sensors are devices that measure the distance to an object by calculating the time it takes for a light signal, usually from a laser or LED, to travel to the object and back. These sensors emit a pulse of light and then detect the reflected light, allowing them to determine how far away the object is based on the speed of light. These sensors are commonly used in various applications, including robotics, autonomous vehicles, and smartphones. They enable features like gesture recognition, obstacle detection, and enhanced camera focus, making them valuable in both consumer electronics and industrial settings.