Thyroid hormone receptors are proteins found in cells that bind to thyroid hormones, such as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These receptors play a crucial role in regulating various biological processes, including metabolism, growth, and development. When thyroid hormones attach to these receptors, they influence gene expression, leading to changes in how cells function. There are two main types of thyroid hormone receptors: TRα and TRβ. Each type is distributed differently throughout the body and has specific roles in various tissues. The proper functioning of these receptors is essential for maintaining overall health and metabolic balance.