The State of Israel is a country located in the Middle East, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Established in 1948, it serves as a homeland for the Jewish people and has a diverse population that includes Jews, Arabs, and other ethnic groups. The capital city is Jerusalem, which holds significant religious importance for Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Israel has a parliamentary democracy and a developed economy, known for its technology and innovation sectors. The country is also recognized for its rich history and cultural heritage, with numerous archaeological sites and historical landmarks, such as Masada and the Western Wall.