The Renaissance was a cultural movement that began in Italy during the 14th century and spread across Europe until the 17th century. It marked a renewed interest in the arts, science, and the classical knowledge of ancient Greece and Rome. This period saw significant advancements in painting, sculpture, and literature, with notable figures like Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo emerging as influential artists. In addition to the arts, the Renaissance fostered developments in philosophy, politics, and science. The invention of the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg in the 15th century played a crucial role in spreading new ideas and knowledge. This era laid the groundwork for the modern world, emphasizing humanism and individual potential.