The Netherlands is a country located in Western Europe, known for its flat landscape, extensive canal systems, and iconic windmills. It is bordered by Germany to the east, Belgium to the south, and the North Sea to the northwest. The capital city is Amsterdam, famous for its artistic heritage and vibrant culture. The country is also recognized for its progressive policies and high quality of life. The official language is Dutch, and the population is approximately 17 million people. The Netherlands is a constitutional monarchy, with a parliamentary system of government, and is known for its strong emphasis on human rights and environmental sustainability.