Tempera is a painting medium made from colored pigments mixed with a water-soluble binder, such as egg yolk. It has been used since ancient times and is known for its quick-drying properties and vibrant colors. Artists often use tempera on surfaces like wood panels or paper, allowing for detailed and precise work. Unlike oil paints, which can take a long time to dry, tempera dries quickly, making it suitable for layering techniques. This medium was popular during the Renaissance and is still favored by many artists today for its unique texture and finish.