Tanning is the process of darkening the skin, usually as a result of exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. This occurs when the skin produces more melanin, a pigment that helps protect against UV damage. While many people tan for cosmetic reasons, excessive exposure can lead to skin damage and increase the risk of skin cancer. There are two main types of tanning: natural tanning, which happens through sun exposure, and artificial tanning, achieved through products like self-tanners or spray tans. Both methods can provide a bronzed appearance, but they come with different health considerations and risks.