Syslog is a standard protocol used for sending and receiving log messages in a network. It allows devices like servers, routers, and switches to communicate important events and errors to a centralized logging server. This helps system administrators monitor and troubleshoot issues effectively. The Syslog protocol operates over the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) and can also use Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) for more reliable message delivery. Log messages typically include a timestamp, the hostname of the device, and the severity level of the event, making it easier to analyze and respond to incidents.