Synaptic transmission is the process by which nerve cells, or neurons, communicate with each other. When an electrical signal, called an action potential, reaches the end of a neuron, it triggers the release of chemical messengers known as neurotransmitters. These neurotransmitters travel across a small gap called the synapse to bind with receptors on the neighboring neuron, allowing the signal to continue. Once the neurotransmitters bind to the receptors, they can either stimulate or inhibit the receiving neuron, influencing whether it will generate its own action potential. This intricate process is essential for various functions, including muscle movement, memory, and mood regulation.