Surgical technique refers to the specific methods and procedures used by surgeons to perform operations. It involves a series of steps that ensure the safety and effectiveness of the surgery, including patient preparation, incision, and closure. Surgeons must be skilled in various techniques, which can vary based on the type of procedure and the patient's condition. Different surgical techniques may include open surgery, where a large incision is made, and minimally invasive surgery, which uses smaller incisions and specialized instruments. The choice of technique depends on factors such as the nature of the illness, the patient's health, and the desired outcomes.