superfluids
Superfluids are a unique state of matter that occurs at extremely low temperatures, near absolute zero. In this state, certain liquids, like helium-4, exhibit remarkable properties, such as flowing without viscosity. This means they can move through tiny openings and around obstacles without losing energy, allowing them to climb walls and defy gravity.
The phenomenon of superfluidity is a result of quantum mechanics, where particles behave collectively rather than individually. This behavior is closely related to Bose-Einstein condensates, another state of matter formed under similar conditions. Superfluids have applications in various fields, including quantum computing and low-temperature physics.