Supercapacitors are energy storage devices that can charge and discharge much faster than traditional batteries. They store energy through electrostatic fields, allowing them to deliver quick bursts of power. This makes them ideal for applications like powering electric vehicles and providing backup energy for electronic devices. Unlike batteries, which rely on chemical reactions, supercapacitors can endure many more charge and discharge cycles without degrading. This longevity makes them a popular choice in renewable energy systems, such as those using solar panels or wind turbines, where they help smooth out energy supply and demand fluctuations.