Sulfonating agents are chemical substances used to introduce sulfonic acid groups into organic compounds. This process, known as sulfonation, enhances the properties of the target molecules, making them more soluble in water and improving their reactivity. Common sulfonating agents include sulfur trioxide and sulfuric acid, which are often used in industrial applications. These agents play a crucial role in the production of various products, such as detergents, dyes, and pharmaceuticals. By modifying the chemical structure of compounds, sulfonating agents help create materials with specific characteristics, making them essential in many chemical processes and industries.