The subclavian artery is a major blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the upper limbs and parts of the neck and head. It branches off from the aorta on the left side and from the brachiocephalic trunk on the right side. Each subclavian artery runs laterally under the collarbone, or clavicle, before continuing into the arm as the axillary artery. The subclavian artery has several important branches, including the vertebral artery, which supplies blood to the brain, and the internal thoracic artery, which supplies the chest wall. It plays a crucial role in maintaining blood flow to the upper body, ensuring that muscles and organs receive the necessary nutrients and oxygen.