String topology is a branch of mathematics that studies the algebraic structures associated with the loops and strings in a topological space. It focuses on how these loops can be combined and manipulated, leading to insights about the underlying space's geometry and topology. One of the key concepts in string topology is the loop space, which consists of all possible loops in a given space. Researchers use tools from homotopy theory and algebraic topology to explore the relationships between these loops, revealing deeper properties of the space itself and its potential applications in various fields, including theoretical physics.