Stress responses are the body's natural reaction to perceived threats or challenges. When faced with stress, the body activates the fight-or-flight response, releasing hormones like adrenaline and cortisol. This prepares the body to either confront the danger or escape from it, leading to increased heart rate, heightened alertness, and energy mobilization. These responses can be beneficial in short bursts, helping individuals react quickly in emergencies. However, chronic stress can lead to negative health effects, such as anxiety, depression, and cardiovascular issues. Managing stress through techniques like mindfulness and exercise can help mitigate these adverse effects.