Stress distribution refers to how stress is spread out over a material or structure when forces are applied. When an object is subjected to external loads, the internal forces within the material adjust to maintain equilibrium. This distribution can vary based on the shape, material properties, and the type of load applied, such as tension, compression, or shear. Understanding stress distribution is crucial in fields like engineering and architecture, as it helps in designing safe and efficient structures. By analyzing how stress is distributed, engineers can identify potential weak points and ensure that materials are used effectively to withstand applied forces without failure.