A strain gauge is a device used to measure the amount of deformation or strain in an object when it is subjected to stress. It typically consists of a thin wire or foil arranged in a zigzag pattern, which is attached to the surface of the material being tested. When the material deforms, the strain gauge also deforms, causing a change in its electrical resistance. This change can be measured and used to calculate the amount of strain experienced by the object. Strain gauges are commonly used in various fields, including engineering, construction, and aerospace, to monitor the structural integrity of materials and components. They can help detect potential failures or weaknesses in structures like bridges, buildings, and aircraft. By providing real-time data on strain, these devices play a crucial role in ensuring safety and reliability in many applications.