state variables
State variables are essential components in systems that describe the current condition or status of a system. They represent the key attributes that define the system's behavior at any given time. For example, in a thermodynamic system, state variables can include temperature, pressure, and volume. These variables help in understanding how the system will respond to changes or external influences.
In control systems, state variables are used to model the dynamics of the system. They provide a mathematical representation that allows engineers to analyze and predict how the system will behave over time. By monitoring these variables, one can design effective control strategies to achieve desired outcomes, ensuring stability and performance.