Spread footings are a type of foundation used in construction to support structures. They distribute the weight of a building over a larger area of soil, which helps prevent settling or shifting. This type of footing is typically wider than the structure it supports, allowing it to spread the load evenly. These footings are commonly made from concrete and are designed based on the soil's bearing capacity. Proper design and installation of spread footings are crucial for the stability of the structure, making them an essential component in the field of civil engineering.