Solar photovoltaic (PV) technology converts sunlight directly into electricity using solar cells. These cells are typically made from silicon and work by allowing photons from sunlight to knock electrons loose, creating an electric current. This process is clean and renewable, making it an attractive energy source. PV systems can be installed on rooftops, in solar farms, or integrated into building materials. They can power homes, businesses, and even large-scale utilities. As technology advances, the efficiency and affordability of solar PV continue to improve, contributing to a more sustainable energy future.