A software component is a modular part of a software system that encapsulates a specific functionality or set of functionalities. These components can be independently developed, tested, and maintained, allowing for easier updates and integration into larger systems. They often communicate with other components through well-defined interfaces. Software components can be reused across different applications, promoting efficiency and consistency in software development. Examples of software components include libraries, frameworks, and services, which can be combined to create complex applications. This modular approach helps developers manage complexity and improve collaboration within teams.