Sodium bicarbonate, commonly known as baking soda, is a white crystalline powder that serves as a leavening agent in baking. When mixed with an acid, it produces carbon dioxide gas, which helps dough rise and become light and fluffy. It is often used in recipes for cakes, cookies, and bread. In addition to its culinary uses, sodium bicarbonate has various applications in cleaning and personal care. It can neutralize odors, act as a gentle abrasive, and is sometimes used in antacids to relieve heartburn. Its versatility makes it a staple in many households.