Baking soda, also known as sodium bicarbonate, is a white crystalline powder commonly used in cooking and baking. It acts as a leavening agent, helping dough rise by producing carbon dioxide gas when it reacts with acids like vinegar or lemon juice. This makes baked goods light and fluffy. In addition to its culinary uses, baking soda has various household applications. It can be used as a cleaning agent, deodorizer, and even in personal care products like toothpaste. Its versatility makes it a staple in many kitchens and homes, contributing to both cooking and cleaning tasks.