Sleep disturbances refer to a variety of issues that disrupt normal sleep patterns. Common types include insomnia, where individuals struggle to fall or stay asleep, and sleep apnea, characterized by interrupted breathing during sleep. These disturbances can lead to daytime fatigue, irritability, and difficulty concentrating. Other forms of sleep disturbances include restless leg syndrome, which causes uncomfortable sensations in the legs, and nightmares, which can lead to waking up in distress. Factors contributing to sleep disturbances may include stress, medical conditions, and lifestyle choices, all of which can impact overall health and well-being.