Shingles are flat, rectangular pieces of material used to cover roofs. They are designed to protect buildings from weather elements like rain, snow, and wind. Common materials for shingles include asphalt, wood, metal, and slate, each offering different aesthetics and durability. Roof shingles are typically installed in overlapping rows to ensure water runoff and prevent leaks. Proper installation is crucial for maintaining the roof's integrity and longevity. Regular maintenance, such as cleaning debris and checking for damage, can help extend the life of the shingles and the roof overall.