Separate property refers to assets that belong to one spouse individually, rather than being shared with the other spouse. This can include items owned before the marriage, gifts received by one spouse, or inheritances. In many jurisdictions, separate property is not subject to division during a divorce. In contrast to community property, which is jointly owned by both spouses, separate property remains the sole possession of the individual. Proper documentation and clear evidence are essential to establish and protect separate property rights in legal situations, such as divorce or estate planning.