Seed germination is the process by which a seed develops into a new plant. It begins when a seed absorbs water, swells, and breaks open. This allows the tiny plant, called an embryo, to start growing. The seed also needs warmth and sometimes light to help it sprout. As the embryo grows, it pushes out roots to anchor itself in the soil and shoots upward to reach for sunlight. This stage is crucial for the plant's survival, as it establishes the foundation for future growth. With the right conditions, the seed will transform into a healthy plant.