Security vulnerabilities are weaknesses in a system, application, or network that can be exploited by attackers to gain unauthorized access or cause harm. These vulnerabilities can arise from various sources, including software bugs, misconfigurations, or outdated systems. When exploited, they can lead to data breaches, loss of sensitive information, or disruption of services. Organizations must regularly assess their systems for potential vulnerabilities to protect against cyber threats. This process often involves using tools and techniques to identify weaknesses, such as penetration testing and vulnerability scanning. By addressing these vulnerabilities promptly, organizations can enhance their overall security posture and reduce the risk of attacks.