Security protocols are established rules and procedures designed to protect information and systems from unauthorized access and threats. They outline how data should be transmitted, stored, and accessed, ensuring that sensitive information remains confidential and secure. Common examples include SSL/TLS for secure web communications and VPNs for private internet connections. These protocols often involve encryption, which transforms data into a coded format that can only be read by authorized users. By implementing security protocols, organizations can safeguard their digital assets and maintain the integrity of their operations, reducing the risk of data breaches and cyberattacks.