Satellite observations refer to the collection of data about the Earth's surface and atmosphere using satellites orbiting the planet. These satellites are equipped with various sensors and cameras that capture images and measurements, allowing scientists to monitor weather patterns, track environmental changes, and study natural disasters. The information gathered from satellite observations is crucial for various applications, including climate change research, agriculture monitoring, and urban planning. By analyzing this data, researchers can gain insights into how the Earth is changing over time and make informed decisions to address global challenges.