Sand casting is a metal casting process that involves creating a mold from a mixture of sand and a binding agent. The process begins by shaping the sand around a pattern, which is a replica of the object to be cast. Once the mold is formed, the pattern is removed, leaving a cavity in the sand that matches the desired shape. Next, molten metal is poured into the cavity of the mold. After the metal cools and solidifies, the sand mold is broken away to reveal the finished casting. This method is widely used for producing complex shapes and is popular in industries such as automotive and aerospace.