Salt caverns are underground spaces formed by the dissolution of salt deposits, often created through a process called solution mining. This involves injecting water into salt formations, which dissolves the salt and creates large cavities. These caverns can be found in various locations around the world, particularly where large salt domes exist. These caverns serve multiple purposes, including the storage of natural gas, petroleum, and other materials. Their unique properties, such as low permeability and high stability, make them ideal for storing substances that require secure containment. Additionally, salt caverns can also be used for underground research and geological studies.