Row covers are lightweight fabrics used in gardening to protect plants from harsh weather conditions, pests, and diseases. They create a mini-greenhouse effect, trapping heat and moisture while allowing sunlight and air to reach the plants. Common materials for row covers include spun-bonded polyester and polypropylene. Gardeners often use row covers during the early growing season to shield seedlings from frost and extreme temperatures. They can also help deter insects like aphids and cabbage worms, making them a valuable tool for organic gardening. Row covers are easy to install and can be removed as plants mature.