River blindness, also known as onchocerciasis, is a disease caused by a parasitic worm called Onchocerca volvulus. This worm is transmitted to humans through the bites of infected blackflies, which are often found near rivers. The disease can lead to severe itching, skin rashes, and ultimately, vision loss or blindness if left untreated. Preventing river blindness involves controlling the blackfly population and providing treatment to affected communities. The most common treatment is a medication called ivermectin, which helps kill the larvae of the parasite. Efforts to combat river blindness have been successful in many regions, improving the quality of life for those at risk.