Ripple marks are small, wave-like patterns found on the surface of sedimentary rocks, typically formed by the movement of water over sand or mud. These marks indicate the direction of water flow and can be seen in environments such as rivers, lakes, and oceans. They are important for geologists as they provide clues about past environmental conditions. The formation of ripple marks occurs when sediment is displaced by the action of waves or currents. The size and shape of the ripples can vary based on factors like water depth and sediment type. Studying ripple marks helps scientists understand ancient landscapes and the processes that shaped them.