Rhizobium is a type of bacteria that forms a symbiotic relationship with the roots of leguminous plants, such as peas and clover. These bacteria live in nodules on the plant roots and help convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that the plants can use for growth. This process is essential for soil fertility and supports healthy plant development. In return for the nitrogen, the plants provide the Rhizobium bacteria with carbohydrates and a suitable environment to thrive. This mutualistic relationship benefits both the plants and the soil ecosystem, making Rhizobium an important component of sustainable agriculture and natural ecosystems.