Research methods are systematic approaches used to gather, analyze, and interpret information. They help researchers answer questions, test hypotheses, and explore various topics. Common methods include surveys, experiments, observations, and case studies, each offering unique insights depending on the research goals. Choosing the right research method is crucial for obtaining valid results. Qualitative methods focus on understanding experiences and perspectives, while quantitative methods emphasize numerical data and statistical analysis. By selecting appropriate methods, researchers can ensure their findings are reliable and contribute to the broader knowledge in their field.