Regional autonomy refers to the ability of a specific area or region to govern itself and make decisions independently from a central authority. This can include control over local laws, education, and economic policies, allowing regions to address their unique needs and preferences. Many countries implement regional autonomy to promote local governance and cultural identity. For example, in Spain, the Basque Country and Catalonia have significant autonomy, enabling them to manage their own affairs while still being part of the larger nation. This arrangement can help balance national unity with regional diversity.