A receptor sensorial is a specialized cell or structure in the body that detects and responds to specific types of stimuli, such as light, sound, touch, or chemicals. These receptors convert physical or chemical signals into electrical impulses that can be interpreted by the nervous system, allowing organisms to perceive their environment. There are various types of sensory receptors, including photoreceptors for vision, mechanoreceptors for touch and sound, and chemoreceptors for taste and smell. Each type is adapted to respond to particular stimuli, playing a crucial role in how living beings interact with their surroundings.