Raw umber is a natural earth pigment that is dark brown in color, composed mainly of iron oxide and manganese oxide. It is often used in painting and art for its rich, warm tones. The pigment can be mixed with other colors to create various shades and is valued for its opacity and lightfastness. This pigment is typically found in regions with clay deposits and is often used in oil and watercolor paints. Artists appreciate raw umber for its versatility, as it can be used to create shadows, depth, and a sense of realism in their work, making it a staple in the palettes of many painters, including the famous Rembrandt.