Qualitative data refers to non-numerical information that describes qualities or characteristics. It often includes descriptions, opinions, and experiences, making it useful for understanding complex concepts. This type of data is commonly collected through methods like interviews, focus groups, and open-ended surveys. Unlike quantitative data, which focuses on numbers and statistics, qualitative data provides deeper insights into people's thoughts and feelings. Researchers often analyze this data to identify patterns and themes, helping to inform decisions in fields such as social sciences, market research, and healthcare.