Protocol verification is the process of ensuring that a communication protocol operates correctly and securely according to its specifications. This involves checking that the protocol adheres to defined rules and can handle various scenarios without errors. It is crucial in fields like computer networking and cybersecurity, where reliable data exchange is essential. The verification process often employs formal methods, which use mathematical techniques to prove the correctness of the protocol. Tools and techniques, such as model checking and theorem proving, help identify potential vulnerabilities or flaws, ensuring that the protocol can withstand attacks and function as intended in real-world applications.