Protein engineering is a scientific field that focuses on designing and modifying proteins to enhance their properties or functions. By altering the amino acid sequences of proteins, researchers can create new proteins with specific characteristics, such as improved stability, activity, or specificity. This process often involves techniques like site-directed mutagenesis and recombinant DNA technology. The applications of protein engineering are vast, impacting areas such as medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology. For instance, engineered proteins can be used to develop more effective enzyme therapies, create better vaccines, or improve crop resistance to pests. This innovative approach holds great promise for solving various challenges in science and industry.