Programming language design involves creating a set of rules and syntax that allow developers to write software efficiently. This process includes defining how commands are structured, how data is manipulated, and how different components of a program interact. The goal is to make the language easy to learn and use while providing powerful features for complex tasks. Designers consider various factors, such as performance, readability, and maintainability, when developing a language. They may also draw inspiration from existing languages like Python, Java, or C++ to incorporate successful features. Ultimately, effective programming language design aims to enhance productivity and facilitate problem-solving for programmers.