Compiler Design is the process of creating a program, known as a compiler, that translates high-level programming languages, like Python or Java, into machine code that a computer can understand. This involves several stages, including lexical analysis, syntax analysis, semantic analysis, optimization, and code generation. Each stage plays a crucial role in ensuring that the final output is efficient and error-free. The design of a compiler requires a deep understanding of both the source and target languages, as well as the underlying hardware. Compiler Design also involves the use of various algorithms and data structures to manage the translation process effectively. By optimizing the code, compilers help improve the performance of software applications.