A profilometer is a precision instrument used to measure the surface profile of an object. It can assess roughness, waviness, and other surface characteristics by tracing a stylus or using optical methods. Profilometers are essential in various industries, including manufacturing and materials science, to ensure quality control and improve product performance. There are two main types of profilometers: contact and non-contact. Contact profilometers use a physical stylus that moves across the surface, while non-contact profilometers utilize light or laser technology to capture surface details without touching the material. Both types provide valuable data for engineers and researchers.