Surface roughness refers to the texture of a surface, characterized by its irregularities and deviations from a perfectly smooth plane. It is an important factor in various fields, including manufacturing and engineering, as it can affect the performance, appearance, and durability of materials. Surface roughness is typically measured in micrometers (µm) and can be quantified using different parameters, such as Ra (average roughness) and Rz (average maximum height of the profile). The measurement of surface roughness is crucial for ensuring quality control in products like machined parts and automotive components. A smoother surface often leads to better wear resistance and reduced friction, while a rougher surface can enhance adhesion and improve certain functional properties. Understanding and controlling surface roughness is essential for optimizing product performance and longevity.