Production planning is the process of organizing and scheduling the manufacturing of goods to ensure that products are made efficiently and meet customer demand. It involves determining what to produce, how much to produce, and when to produce it, taking into account available resources like materials, labor, and machinery. Effective production planning helps businesses minimize costs, reduce waste, and improve delivery times. By analyzing data and forecasting demand, companies can create a structured plan that aligns production activities with market needs, ensuring that they can meet customer expectations while optimizing their operations.